Learning Turkish #2

Grammar

Minor Vowel Harmony: 

Similar to major vowel harmony, Turkish words has minor vowel harmony which dictates what suffixes are going to be added next to a word. In this lecture, we will see the application of minor vowel harmony for creating possessive pronouns.

If the vowel preceding  the suffix has	Then the vowel of the  suffix will be
a, ı	ı
e, i	i
ö, ü	ü
o, u	u

Producing Possessive Pronoun:

Benim = my. Suffixes for “my” are ım, im, um, üm. The selection suffix is determinted by minor vowel harmony. For example, ad= name. So my name = adım because ad has vowel 'a' and minor vowel harmony dictates that the vowel in the suffix will be 'ı'. If there is vowel at the end of the word, we need to add just 'm' at the end as the suffix.

Senin = your. Suffixes for “your” are ın, in, un, ün. The selection suffix is determined by minor vowel harmony. For example, ad= name. So your name = adın because ad has vowel 'a' and minor vowel harmony dictates that the vowel in the suffix will be 'ı'. If there is vowel at the end of the word, we need to add just 'n' at the end as the suffix.

Onun= his/ her/ its. Suffixes for “his/ her/ its” are ı, i, u, ü. Depending on minor vowel harmony, the suffix is added at the end. For example, okul means school. So his school can be written as okulu. But if the word itself ends with a vowel sound, we add s+ one of these vowels  ı, i, u, ü, depending on minor vowel harmony. For example, anne means mother. So her mother will be aneesi.

New Vocabulary

Arkadaş= Friend

Nine = Friend

Kalem = Pencil

Kitap = Book

İsim = Name

Soyad = Last Name

Soyadım = My last name

Soyadın = Your last name

İyi = Good

hasta = Sick

Yourgun = Tired

Heyecalnı = Excited

Üzgün = Sad

Kızgın = Angry

Mutlu = Happy

Okul = School

Araba = Car

Ev = Home

Köy = Town

Nasınsın = How are you?

İyiyim = I am good.

Sağ ol = Thank you!

Tesekkün edmin = Thank you!

Siz nasalzınız = How are you all?

Öğretmen = Teacher